Cooking & Conversation: Las Vegas- Hoover Dam

The Magnificent Hoover Dam

Today we took a tour of the Hoover Dam and surrounding area.

It was a beautiful day for viewing and capturing photos of the spectacular area.

Where is Hoover Dam?

In Black Canyon spanning the Colorado River between Arizona and Nevada, about 30 miles southeast of Las Vegas, Nevada.

The facts with blue headings are taken from:

(https://www.usbr.gov/lc/hooverdam/faqs/damfaqs.html)

The Story of Hoover Dam

Hoover Dam is a testimony to a country's ability to construct monolithic projects in the midst of adverse conditions. Built during the Depression; thousands of men and their families came to Black Canyon to tame the Colorado River. It took less than five years, in a harsh and barren land, to build the largest dam of its time. Now, years later, Hoover Dam still stands as a world-renowned structure. The Dam is a National Historic Landmark and has been rated by the American Society of Civil Engineers as one of America's Seven Modern Civil Engineering Wonders.

(https://www.usbr.gov/lc/hooverdam/history/storymain.html)

How tall is Hoover Dam?

It is 726.4 feet from foundation rock to the roadway on the crest of the dam. The towers and ornaments on the parapet rise 40 feet above the crest.

How much does Hoover Dam weigh?

More than 6,600,000 tons.

How much concrete is in the dam?

Three and one-quarter million cubic yards. There are 4,360,000 cubic yards of concrete in the dam, powerplant and appurtenant works. This much concrete would build a monument 100 feet square and 2-1/2 miles high; would rise higher than the 1,250-foot-tall Empire State Building if placed on an ordinary city block; or would pave a standard highway 16 feet wide, from San Francisco to New York City.

The first concrete for the dam was placed on June 6, 1933, and the last on May 29, 1935. Approximately 160,000 cubic yards of concrete were placed in the dam per month. Peak placements were 10,462 cubic yards in one day (including some concrete placed in the intake towers and powerplant), and slightly over 275,000 cubic yards in one month.

How much cement was required?

More than 5,000,000 barrels. The daily demand during construction of the dam was from 7,500 to 10,800 barrels. Reclamation had used only 5,862,000 barrels in its 27 years of construction activity preceding June 30, 1932.

How was chemical heat caused by setting concrete in the dam dissipated?

By embedding more than 582 miles of 1-inch steel pipe in the concrete and circulating ice water through it from a refrigeration plant could produce 1,000 tons of ice in 24 hours. Cooling was completed in March 1935.

What were the principal items of work?

More than 5,500,000 cubic yards of material were excavated, and another 1,000,000 cubic yards of earth and rock fill placed. By feature, this included:

Excavation:

for the diversion tunnels, 1,500,000 cubic yards;

for the foundation of the dam, powerplant, and cofferdams 1,760,000 cubic yards;

for the spillways and inclined tunnels, 750,000 cubic yards;

for the valve houses and intake towers, 410,000 cubic yards;

earth and rock fill for the cofferdams, 1,000,000 cubic yards.

In addition,

4,400,000 cubic yards of concrete were placed,

410,000 linear feet of grout and drainage holes were drilled, and

422,000 cubic feet of grout were placed under pressure.

What were the quantities of principal materials used in the dam?

The principal materials, all of which were purchased by the federal government, were:

reinforcement steel, 45,000,000 pounds;

gates and valves, 21,670,000 pounds;

plate steel and outlet pipes, 88,000,000 pounds;

pipe and fittings, 6,700,000 pounds or 840 miles;

structural steel, 18,000,000 pounds;

miscellaneous metal work 5,300,000 pounds.

What is the maximum water pressure at the base of the dam?

45,000 pounds per square foot.

What type of dam is Hoover?

A concrete arch-gravity type, in which the water load is carried by both gravity action and horizontal arch action.

How long did it take to build the dam, powerplant, and appurtenant works?

Five years. The contractors were allowed seven years from April 20, 1931, but concrete placement in the dam was completed May 29, 1935, and all features were completed by March 1, 1936.

What was an unusual feature of Hoover Dam's construction?

The dam was built in vertical columns of blocks that varied in size from about 60 feet square at the upstream face of the dam to about 25 feet square at the downstream face. An estimated 215 blocks make up the dam. Adjacent columns were locked together by a system of vertical keys on the radial joints and horizontal keys on the circumferential joints (think "giant Lego set"). Concrete placement in any one block was limited to five feet in 72 hours. After the concrete was cooled, a cement and water mixture called grout was forced into the spaces created between the columns by the contraction of the cooled concrete to form a monolithic (one-piece) structure.

How many men were employed during the dam's construction?

A total of 21,000 men worked on the dam with an average of 3,500 and a maximum of 5,218 daily, which occurred in June 1934. The average monthly payroll was $500,000.

More Information at: Hoover Dam Facts

Lake Mead

Wildlife at Boulder City Hemenway Park.

One of the only places in the world where you can see desert Bighorn Sheep

this close as they journey down from the river mountains

and into the park.

During the warmer months as many as 80 sheep can be seen.

Our last stop was

Ethel M. Chocolates

The Mars® Bar is a 1932 original made of milk chocolate, fluffy vanilla nougat, topped with six almonds.

Our Forever Yours® Bar, a 1936 original, is made with a creamy caramel on top of vanilla enrobed with our rich dark choclate.

We did purchase some of the original Mars bars along with other tasty chocolates.

Since Forrest Mars, Sr. founded Ethel M. Chocolates in 1981, it's been their mission to produce the finest, most gourmet chocolates within the Mars chocolate brand portfolio. Over a century ago, Ethel Mars taught her son Forrest how to make gourmet chocolate candy in her Tacoma kitchen, a passion he continued to perfect over many years.

Today, they continue Forrest's legacy by using the finest ingredients to produce several of Ethel's original recipes for gourmet chocolate and candy. Our passion for craft is never compromised, because we want to ensure that your family and loved ones can enjoy the same unmatched quality of chocolate that the Mars family has been enjoying for over 100 years.

(https://www.ethelm.com/?&msclkid=add5803886e81ff11471da5d9d7989e7)